Соціальні моделі обслуговування геронтологічної групи населення в Україні

Abstract

В статті охарактеризовані види послуг в рамках соціального обслуговування (соціально–побутові, психологічні, соціально–економічні, соціально-медичні, соціально-педагогічні, інформаційні, юридичні). Подано міжнародну класифікацію періоду геронтегенезу: похилий вік, старечий вік, вік довголіття. Проаналізована нормативно–правову базу соціального захисту, допомоги та обслуговування осіб похилого віку. Обґрунтовані три моделі соціального обслуговування (стаціонарні, напівстаціонарні, нестаціонарні) та подано їх детальну характеристику. Охарактеризовано мету термінового соціального обслуговування та проведено порівняльний аналіз терміново та безтермінового соціального обслуговування.

The article describes the types of services within the framework of social services (social and household, psychological, socio-economic, social-medical, social-pedagogical, informational, legal). The international classification of the period of gerontogenesis is presented: old age, old age, age of longevity. The legal base of social protection, assistance and service of the elderly is analyzed. Three models of social service (stationary, semi-stationary, non-stationary) are substantiated and their detailed characteristics are presented. The purpose of urgent social services is described and comparative analysis of urgent and non-urgent social services is carried out. To date, there are three models of social care for the elderly in Ukraine: inpatient, semi-stationary and non-stationary. The fixed model of social service provides the provision of social services in specialized homes, boarding homes, and boarding houses for veterans of labor and disabilities, veterans of the Great Patriotic War, single persons and certain professional categories of the elderly and the like. The following basic types of social services are provided during inpatient care: material and household; catering, leisure and leisure services; social-medical and social-hygiene services; assisting in the education or profession of persons with disabilities in accordance with their physical abilities and mental abilities; legal services; assistance in the organization of funeral services. The semi-stationary model of social service provides the provision of services in day and night wards, rehabilitation centers, medical and social wards, and social service centers. The main types of services provided in semi-permanent institutions are: social and household; psychological; social and pedagogical; social and medical; socio-economic; legal; informational. Non-stationary model of social service is a social service at a place of residence, urgent social service, social-counseling help, social-psychological help. , industrial and food necessities; assistance in obtaining medical assistance, escort to a medical institution, hospitals polyclinics; assistance in the organization of legal and other legal forms of assistance; maintaining living conditions in accordance with hygienic requirements; promoting the organization of funeral services; organization of various social and household services, depending on living conditions; assistance with paperwork; placement in inpatient social care facilities.