Алгоритми створення 3D моделей об’єктів культурної спадщини України та їх апробація на прикладах цінних архітектурних споруд Києва

Abstract

During the period of martial law in Ukraine, the problem of preserving historical and cultural heritage, which is undergoing destruction, has become acute. To record the condition of objects and create prerequisites for their future restoration, universal 3D modeling algorithms have been developed using various geodetic technologies: laser scanning (terrestrial and mobile SLAM), UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) aerial scanning, and LiDAR in smartphones. The proposed methodology includes the stages of defining goals, selecting objects and optimal scanning methods, instrumental support, data collection and processing, and the creation and editing of 3D models. An algorithmized scheme for surveying valuable architectural objects using various geodetic instruments to create their 3D models has been substantiated. The effectiveness of the algorithms has been verified using the examples of Buildings No. 1, 2, and 6 of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Building No. 1 of the National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», and the Central House of Officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.