Концепт «війна»: особливості мовної об’єктивації у газетному тексті

Abstract

Статтю присвячено лінгвокогнітивному аналізу концепту «війна», реалізованому на шпальтах тернопільського регіонального видання – газети «Свобода». Передусім було розглянуто такі засоби мовної об’єктивації досліджуваного концептуалізованого поняття, як ім’я, синоніми, атрибутивні і предикативні синтагми, фразеологічні та метафоричні одиниці. Доведено, що концепт «війна» характеризується розгалуженим номінативним полем та є когнітивно багатогранним.

Studies of the peculiarities of lingual conceptualization of the cultural space through concepts have been one of the priority directions in the modern linguistics for a long time. Despite the fact that a plenty of conceptual units had been an object of thorough research, verbalization peculiarities of concept «WAR» in Ukrainian linguoculture was primarily beyond the scope of previous works. Only some of its certain have been analyzed by Lyudmila Venediktova, Ulyana Ivanova-Karpenko, Olexanrd Kolesnyk, Halyna Yavorska etc. Furthermore, the investigation of concept «WAR» based on mass-media material remains a topical challenge. This research aims to point out specifics of the concept «WAR» verbalization in Ukrainian newspaper text, particularly in Svoboda – the newspaper of the Ternopil region – during 2014 when the articles about war were constantly present on its pages. The conducted analysis demonstrates that the concept «WAR» obtains an extensive nominative field on the Svoboda pages. The means of its verbalization consist of lexical, phraseological and grammar units. Here belongs the main name of the concept and its synonyms (including borrowed ones), attributive and predicative syntagmas, phraseological units. We found the glaring amount of figurative devises, especially metaphors and metaphorical epithets. Due to the fact that the majority of the concept lingual representations are stylistically marked with evaluation, media texts have a high level of emotionality and expressivity. There is a tendency for the authors of the newspaper texts about the war not only to use nominative means which are traditional for Ukrainian linguoculture but also to employ their own frequently figurative constructions. Lingual instantiation of the investigated concepts revealed journalists’ positive and negative attitudes to war and peace, enemies and defenders etc. These issues can become a subject of further research. We consider the rigorous investigation into the concepts «WAR» and «PEACE» in the aspect of realization of their oppositional relations in Ukrainian ethnocultural space based on different texts’ material particularly promising.