Використання ГІС та електронних геодезичних приладів для спостереження за поширенням інвазійних рослин у ландшафтах Гайворонської ТГ

Abstract

У статті досліджено поширення інвазійних рослин у антропогенних ландшафтах Гайворонської громади із застосуванням ГІС-технологій, дистанційного зондування, БПЛА та геодезичних методів. Проаналізовано просторові закономірності інвазій, оцінено їх вплив на екосистеми та окреслено напрями підвищення ефективності моніторингу й управління ландшафтами.

The article discusses one of the pressing issues of our time, namely the application and use of geoinformation technologies and electronic geodetic equipment for research and monitoring of the spread of invasive plants in modern, predominantly anthropogenic landscapes of the Haivoron territorial community. The main patterns of spatial distribution of alien plant species are analyzed in detail, which made it possible to assess their impact on ecosystems in the region. The results obtained contribute to a deeper understanding of the interaction of invasive plants with the surrounding anthropogenic environment. Attention is drawn to the use of modern remote sensing methods, which are widely used to assess changes in the distribution of invasive flora. The use of these technologies makes it possible to analyze the spectral characteristics of plants in detail, which significantly increases the accuracy of detecting invasive species in the structure of anthropogenic landscapes of territorial communities. Practical experience has confirmed the effectiveness of geographic information systems in the process of visualizing and mapping spatial data on the spread of alien plants. The integration of spatial characteristics of vegetation cover with geographical and climatic conditions allows for better development of invasion mechanisms. It has also been shown that a comprehensive approach to monitoring this phenomenon is necessary, involving satellite imagery, GIS analysis, and geodetic instruments, which allows for obtaining accurate data on changes in plant structure. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), digital mapping methods, and remote sensing of the Earth for the collection, processing, and visualization of spatial data on invasive flora is also considered. The main areas of distribution of invasive plants and the factors contributing to their spread have been identified. The results of the study can be used to develop conservation measures, plan environmental safety, and implement effective landscape management strategies within the community. Contemporary challenges in the field of environmental safety and biodiversity conservation, especially in anthropogenic landscapes, require the urgent implementation of innovative methods for comprehensive and detailed analysis of the spread of invasive plants that can negatively affect the ecological balance in both natural and anthropogenic landscapes. The active and uncontrolled spread of alien plant species poses a particular threat to the Haivoron territorial community. They lead to the displacement of local flora, a decrease in crop productivity, and a deterioration in the ecological condition of the Haivoron territorial community. Gradually, this will lead to additional economic costs to curb the spread of invasive plants. In this context, the use of geoinformation technologies and modern geodetic equipment plays an important role as components of a comprehensive approach to assessing the extent of the spread of invasive species, spatial analysis of changes in landscapes, and forecasting further paths of their spread based on accurate mapping and data visualization. This study is relevant in terms of the need to develop effective ecological and landscape approaches that will minimize risks through the use of digital tools to monitor changes caused by natural (natural, natural-anthropogenic, and anthropogenic) factors. In the context of global warming and increasing anthropogenic pressure on the limited resources of communities, there is a growing need to control the spread of invasive plants, and accurate methods for monitoring them are becoming increasingly important. They contribute to the improvement of nature conservation measures, the development of effective management mechanisms, and the maintenance of ecological balance in the landscape of the territorial community.