Сталий розвиток територіальних громад в межах НПП «Дністровський каньйон»

Abstract

Розглянуто проблему еколого-соціально-економічного розвитку територіальних громад, частини території яких входять до складу національного природного парку «Дністровський каньйон» Проаналізовано рейтинг територіальних громад за перше півріччя 2025 року і з’ясовано низькі рейтинги територіальних громад з високою часткою заповідності. Це свідчить про низький рівень використання ними значного потенціалу рекреаційно-туристичних ресурсів. Запропоновано враховувати при оцінці результатів сталого розвитку громад надання заповідними територіями громад екосистемних послуг у вартісному оцінюванні.

Territorial communities in the current conditions play a crucial role in the process of conservation and preservation of biodiversity. Since in the near future the creation of one national natural park "Berezhanske Opillya" and a dozen regional landscape parks (RLP) is planned in the region: Pochaivskyi, Zaliztsivskyi, Horynskyi, Zbarazki Tovtry, “Knyazhyy lis”, Serednoseretskyi, Yazlovetskyi, “Podilske Nadzbruchchya”, However, the issues of their actual creation are being resolved rather slowly. For your information, the last RLP in Ternopil region was created back in 1993. Communities have the potential to increase the area of protected areas by tens of thousands of hectares. In the region, 20 territorial communities have a level of protection of less than 1%, and in another 13 communities the level of protection is less than 5%. And in total, 40 communities out of 55 have a level of protection below the regional average. Scientific support should be provided by scientists from national natural parks and nature reserves, as well as naturalists from the TNPU, taking into account current trends and priorities of balanced development. It is important to coordinate this process with specialists from the regional department of ecology and natural resources within the framework of regional programs for the preservation of landscape and biotic diversity The purpose of this publication is to highlight the state of ecological, socio-economic development of territorial communities, part of whose territories is part of the Dniester Canyon National Park. The problem of ecological, socio-economic development of territorial communities, part of whose territories is part of the Dniester Canyon National Park is considered. Since the indicated territorial communities are located within the Middle Transdnistria, they all have significant natural resources for conducting tourist and recreational activities. The rating of territorial communities based on the results of socio-economic development for the first half of 2025 was analyzed and low ratings of TGs within the NPP with a high share of reserves were found out. This indicates a low level of use by them of the significant potential of recreational and tourist resources and low revenues from this activity to local budgets. Based on the materials of the Chervone tract, which was included in the territory of the Dniester Canyon NPP, calculations of ecosystem services provided by natural landscapes were made and it was found that the value of these services is commensurate with the annual budget of the large city of Ternopil. It is proposed to take into account the provision of ecosystem services by protected areas of communities in the cost assessment when assessing the results of sustainable development of communities. This will help stimulate communities to the process of preserving and protecting natural landscapes. At the same time, specialists in the organization and conduct of recreational activities of the National Park should pay more attention not to the development of individual locations, but to the establishment of systematic cooperation with the leadership of territorial communities and local businesses in the development of recreational nature use. Involve community representatives in the arrangement of parking lots and moorings to serve tourists rafting the Dniester along the ecological route "On the Waves of Tiras", which is about 10 thousand people during the warm period of the year. It has been noted that the cost of ecosystem services of any territory is orders of magnitude higher than the cost of its natural resources. From this we can conclude that it is appropriate to take into account the results of community development and the cost of ecosystem services provided by the landscapes of the protected area of communities. Such an approach to including in the rating assessment of ecosystem services of protected areas of communities will contribute to the interest of community leadership in expanding the share of the reserve.