Жанрово-стильова модель фортепіанної мініатюри у творчому доробку львівських комозиторів (на прикладі творів Станіслава Людкевича та Мирослава Скорика)

Abstract

У статті розглянуто приклади теоретичного аналізу фортепіанних мініатюр львівських композиторів за методом жанрово-стильового моделювання. Проаналізовано основні засадничі положення формування жанрово-стильової моделі твору як цілісного художнього явища. Визначено її жанровий аспект як систему первинних та вторинних жанрів у їх взаємозв’язках і стильову площину за трьома рівнями: стиль епохи, школи чи напрямку й індивідуальний стиль автора-композитора.

В статье рассмотрены примеры теоретического анализа фортепианных миниатюр львовских композиторов посредством метода жанрово-стилевого моделирования. Проанализированы основополагающие положения формирующие жанрово-стилевую модель музыкального произведения как целостного художественного явления. Определено ее жанровый аспект как систему первичных и вторичных жанров в их взаимосвязях и стилевую плоскость по трем уровням: стиля эпохи, школы или направления и индивидуального стиля автора-композитора.

The article deals with the examples of theoretical analysis of miniatures for piano, on the example of musical works of Lviv composers S. Lyudkevich and M. Skoryk. The research was carried out using the genre-style modeling method. The piano composer school of Lviv was formed at the beginning of the twentieth century. She gradually got rid of amateur signs and acquired a professional level. Especially it was influenced by the European, in particular, the Polish piano school. The genre of miniatures in the works of Lviv composers is represented by essential works, therefore there is a need for a deeper study of them. The analytical material was piano thumbnail, created by self-sufficient, without compulsory existence in the cycle. For a deep analysis of the genre the theoretical method of genre-style modeling is proposed. The main provisions of forming a genre-style model of a work as a holistic artistic phenomenon are analyzed. The genre aspect is defined as a system of primary and secondary genres. The latter are divided into two groups: by types of music, for example: improvisation, variation, virtuosity, recitation and the conditions of music, for example: serenades, nocturns, lyrics without words, albums from albums, impromptu, fantasies. The basis of the stylistic aspect of the model is based on three levels: the style of the era, school or direction and the individual style of the author-composer. Submitted to the analysis “Song without words” S. Lyudkevich – is the closest to the primary genres. The mechanism of transition from primary to secondary genres is indicated, their interrelation is reflected. Genreuro-stylistic thumbnail model is shown graphically according to the following criteria: genre, genre specification, program availability, style of the era, school and direction, individual style, form, compositional features, musical language. According to this example, an analysis of works by “Kvochka” by S. Lyudkevich and “Singing in the mountains” by M. Skoryk is presented. It should be noted that displaying a table or description of genre-style models has many options. It depends on the features used to study the material and the need for specificity of the results. The conducted review points а two levels of composer searches of Lviv composers in piano miniatures: the development of traditional genres of Western European musical culture and the updating of general principles of musical thinking. This process is reflected in the search for interpretation of genre stereotypes in the European musical culture. Composers used the possibilities of their transformation in the concept of the national plane, developed the appropriate compositional means of musical language and form. The use of genre-stylistic models as an analytical tool in the study of musical works is possible on any material. It can be artistic phenomena of different epochs, musical cultures, schools and trends that belong to any level of stylistic features (era, school or direction, individual creativity). Consequently, in the study of composing searches and their finds, it is expedient to use genre-style modeling to reveal the individual artistic concept of a composer, genre-style basis of a particular work reflected in figurative content.