Феномен Гленна Гульда в пианистическом искусстве ХХ века

Abstract

В статье исследовано выявление пианистически специальной стилевой позиции Гленна Гульда в исполнительском искусстве ХХ века. Рассмотрено детерминацию феномена Г. Гульда спецификой национальных пересечений Канады, его родины, где соединение английских, в музыкальной сфере чрезвычайно “германизированных”, и французских влияний было обусловлено историческими факторами. Охарактеризовано его противостояние академическому оркестральному пианизму с выдвижением салонного, в случае Гульда виртуально осуществляемого через масс-медиа общения.

У статті досліджено виявлення піаністично спеціальної стильової позиції Гленна Гульда у виконавському мистецтві ХХ століття. Розглянуто детермінацію феномена Г. Гульда специфікою національних пересічень Канади, його батьківщини, де поєднання англійських, у музичній сфері надзвичайно “германізованих”, та французьких впливів було обумовлено історичними факторами. Охарактеризовано його протистояння академічному оркестральному піанізму з висуненням салонного, у випадку Гульда віртуально здійснюваного через мас-медіа спілкування.

In article explored discovery piano special to style positions of Glenn Gould in performance art of XX century. Including this study of the phenomenon performance contribution of G. Gould in music of the past century in correlation with leaders of piano world of the epoch of the romanticism as classical period of piano performance. Also this realization of specific piano stylistic positions of G. Gould in distribution of piano art of the past century. It is considered determination of the phenomenon of G. Gould specifics of the national crossing the Canada, his native country, where union english, in music sphere exceedingly “germany”, and french influences is conditioned was a history condition to colonizations of these lands of the North America. Biographic facts of Gould are indicative about largeness interests of musician and writer, in count which music specialization were, aside from piano performance, appearances as organist and composer. We select in this feature row position, extremely important in determination of the place Gould in modern music world as a whole. First, note the modernism of Gould though in his repertoire nowhere near did not outweigh the modernists-avangardists, but alongside with А. Schoenberg, and even moreover, stood out the performances to him I. S. Bach. Thence – the question is especially performance modern style, defined performances, so named non-specific means facility of expressiveness, from which rate, rhythm, track record, аgоgic-articulation form the supporting moments of the expression. And is herewith noted lyricism of Gould incompatible with belief about mоdеrn-vanguard in cоmpоser creative activity. Secondly, select counterpoint in invoiced decisions of Gould that normally comes to light in such repertory pole of the musician as music of virginal-clavecin type that is to say compositions of proto-harmony style. And pay attention to that circumstance that performance style extremism of Guold is fixed by means of term modernism though chronology of the leaving the pianist on proscenium of the music world – 1960 years, apogee of the manifestation of the vanguard, and exactly in context vanguard art was accepted performance extremism of Gould, however fixed in terminological quality – a modernism. The phenomenon of Gould has formed something so exclusive in piano art XX century, either as in due course of phenomenon F. Shalyapin in opera: this fullness interpretation realization of the performance, for which costs the unconditional handhold on actual intonation even though this last categorically does not comply with established beliefs about stylistic entailment of the works of given composer. In his piano play by first distinguishing feature is name the manifestation of the opposition to academic оrchestral pianism, in secretion of salon, in the event of Gould virtual realized through masses-media principle of the contact with listener, which perceptible interested and intelligent his play.