Мистецько-педагогічна діяльність Адальберта Ерделі та Йосипа Бокшая і їх вплив на формування творчої особистості Золтана Шолтеса

Abstract

У статті розглянуто педагогічну та творчу діяльність видатних майстрів закарпатської школи живопису А. Ерделі та Й. Бокшая у контексті їх впливу як на становлення самої школи, так і на формування творчої особистості Золтана Шолтеса. Проаналізовано особливості художньої мови З. Шолтеса, виявлено основні риси його творчого методу.

В статье рассмотрено педагогическую и творческую деятельность выдающихся мастеров закарпатской школы живописи А. Эрдели и И. Бокшая в контексте их влияния как на становление самой школы, так и на формирование творческой личности Золтана Шолтеса. Проанализировано особенности художественной речи З. Шолтеса, выявлено основные черты его творческого метода.

Zoltan Sholtes (1909 – 1990) – is one of the most famous representative of Ukrainian fine art of the twentieth century. But his name is not sufficiently studied in scientific works yet. However, except of his overall assessment heritage in the context of Transcarpathian school, the main factors of formation of artist’s creative personality, outlook, author’s method problems remain unsolved. Particularly relevant is the question of art education and formation of Z. Sholtes as an artist. The article examines the creative and pedagogical activity of the greatest masters of the Transcarpathian school of painting A. Erdeli and I. Bokshai in the context of their influence on the establishment of the school, and the formation of Zoltan Sholtes creative personality. I. Bokshai in his curriculum appealed to the creativity of the old masters, attracted students to study the classics of world art heritage; A. Erdelyi reported to-date information on the current state and tendencies of world art. Bokshai taught attentive, almost handicraft, relationship to nature, the ability to grasp the mood and impressionistic manner of writing. A. Erdeli stressed the expressiveness of the composition, modern vision and interpretation of nature, the need to search for the author’s artistic handwriting. Especially close for Sholtes was teaching methods and creativity of I. Bokshai. The artist followed his teachers ideological-theoretical and technical-practical principles. Work in the open air, which was actively supported by artists of “Subcarpathian Barbizon” became for Z. Sholtes crucial to the formation of genre theme minded plastic language, technical manner, color, imagery. We can notice in the artist's creative method two ways of perception of nature: on the one hand it is unconscious enthusiasm for beauty of Carpathian landscape; on the other – the result of years of direct observations of variability mountain views, diversity of states of nature, change colors and tones. Sholtes followed the realistic tradition taken over from I. Bokshai, however, stylistic realism artist does not deny the presence of the expression in the manner of writing, rice Romanticism in the art image and impressionistic delicate colors.